The Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts
Architectural Fact Sheet
Project Description
Construction of a new performing arts complex as the centerpiece of Philadelphia's Avenue of the Arts. Goals include construction of a 2,500-seat concert hall, Verizon Hall, custom-made as the home of The Philadelphia Orchestra; a flexible, 650-seat recital theater, Perelman Theater, for performances including chamber music, dance and drama; and an active, welcoming civic space.
Location
The project occupies one full block of Center City Philadelphia, fronting on the Avenue of the Arts (Broad Street). The site is at Spruce Street: five blocks south of City Hall, one block south of the Academy of Music (The Philadelphia Orchestra's long-time home), immediately north of the University of the Arts and four blocks east of the Curtis Institute of Music.
Design Strategy
The two major components, Verizon Hall and Perelman Theater, are treated as complete, free-standing buildings. Perelman Theater, with its curved facade, is placed off-axis toward the front of the site on Broad Street, while Verizon Hall, with its polygonal exterior, is centered at the far end. These two buildings are entirely enclosed by a surrounding structure of glass, steel and brick, so that the irregular spaces between and around them become a kind of indoor plaza, top-lit by day through an immense, glass-and-steel barrel vault roof.
Project Size
Footprint: 100,075 sf
Gross program area: 429,085 sf
Project Cost
$265 million (includes $170 million in construction costs and a $10 million endowment)
Project Leadership
Willard G. Rouse III, Chairman, RPAC
Tom Ridge, Governor of Pennsylvania
John Street, Mayor of Philadelphia
Edward G. Rendell, former Mayor of Philadelphia
Architect
Rafael Viñoly, AIA
Rafael Viñoly Architects PC
New York, London, Buenos Aires
Acoustics Designer
Russell Johnson, FASA
Artec Consultants Inc.
New York, NY
Theater Consultant
Richard Pilbrow and David I. Taylor
Theatre Projects Consultants
Norwalk, CT
Groundbreaking
November 12, 1998
Opening
December 16, 2001 (following gala previews December 14-15)
Principal Design Features
Perimeter Structure
The envelope for The Kimmel Center is constructed of glass, steel and brick. The facade along the Avenue of the Arts (Broad Street) is largely transparent at street level, allowing passersby to see into the public plaza. To maintain the scale of the surrounding residential and cultural buildings, the brick walls rise approximately to the height of the neighboring University of the Arts. The building is surmounted by a transparent, folded plate-glass barrel vault that extends the length of the structure and ends on both sides in a colossal glass arch. A pair of glass-encased elevators at the front of The Kimmel Center allows access to a restaurant on the third floor and to a rooftop garden above the Perelman Theater.
Verizon Hall
Verizon Hall accommodates 2,500 patrons in four levels of seating. The exterior is entirely clad in Macore wood fins. The sinuous form of the hall is based on the shape of a cello. The interior surfaces are covered in mahogany, including the ceiling of each tier, reinforcing the image of a finely crafted musical instrument. Acoustic diffusion is achieved with the use of solid wood curving strips.
A movable concert ceiling is located above the platform, creating an acoustical reflector for the musicians. This floating element, which also contains theatrical and concert lighting provisions for a cyclorama and a center speaker cluster, is finished in wood and cork. The hall also features acoustics adjustment chambers (71' high by approx. 16' deep) surrounding the audience seating at all levels on both sides of the room.
Perelman Theater
In contrast to the handcrafted, curving, organic forms of Verizon Hall, Perelman Theater is designed as a metal-clad transformable space within the orthogonal form of an 87 foot cube. Finished in light woods and warm-colored fabrics with metallic highlights, the interior of the auditorium complements its soft gold exterior.
Designed as an intimate multi-purpose recital hall, the Perelman Theater can accommodate an audience of 650 for conventional and experimental theater, music and dance simultaneously and individually.
Its turntable stage enables the theater to be transformed from conventional proscenium stage configuration to an arena where seating and finishes wrap continuously around the auditorium at each level to complete the horseshoe plan.
Located on the theater rooftop, a garden with a grid of sixteen trees is a dramatic space offering striking views of the lobby, roof and the surrounding cityscape.
Commonwealth Plaza
Access to Commonwealth Plaza, the civic space of The Kimmel Center, is provided through two glass-enclosed vestibules located on Broad and Spruce Streets. The floor throughout the plaza is covered in quartzite, and the naming wall and "Society of Founders" donor wall are made of black granite. The Plaza café is open to the public during daytime hours.
Circulation
The facility contains seven public elevators, two freight elevators, one service elevator and two backstage elevators. Verizon Hall is accessible by the public via bridges at the upper levels and is directly connected to the support spaces for performers on the west side of the complex. The rooftop garden above Perelman Theater is directly accessible by elevator from Broad Street.
The Kimmel Center is fully handicapped-accessible throughout.
Additional Facilities
In addition to the main performance spaces, The Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts includes a "black box" theater: a two-story space with a pipe grid hanging system, control room and sprung floor. Also, the Choral Warm Up room is equipped with acoustic reflectors and adjustable banners and can be used for lectures and banquets in addition to rehearsal space for choral groups. There is an underground parking garage that accommodates 144 cars.
Dressing room accommodations include lockers and lounge spaces for the Philadelphia Orchestra as well as a Maestro Suite, visiting chorus changing facilities and 14 private/semi-private dressing rooms. There is a full banqueting kitchen and a 175- seat restaurant that extends to the balcony accommodating an additional 60 people.
Verizon Hall
Size: 101,000 sq. feet
Stage Specifications: The platform is equipped with a forestage extension, a dual height piano lift and three choral seating wagons. The full platform is 45' deep by 77' wide and can be extended to 52' deep. The stage floor is stained beech with a 6" airspace on resilient pads. The stage doors and loading dock are 12' clear from stage right. A full technical attic level above the hall has point hoists and lifting equipment for the acoustical reflector. The hall has a lighting bridge and provisions for three follow spots. There is lighting and speaker accommodation at each tier level.
Principal Acoustics Design Elements:
Controllable acoustics adjustment chambers (at the sides of the audience chamber); system of motor-operated, sound-absorbing banners (in the side chambers and in the primary chamber); mechanized concert platform extension; motor-operated system of three independent sound-reflecting timber canopies above the concert platform.
Perelman Theater
Size: 27,700 sq. feet
Stage Specifications: The turntable stage is a 37' radius revolve equipped with a fixed "end of room" element that is housed within the stage house atop a 2' thick concrete slab. In drama/dance mode, the Perelman Theater's proscenium, which is 38' 4" high by 58' wide, frames a sprung wood floor stage measuring 83' wide by 40' deep. A gridiron is located 74' 6" above the stage with a continuous counterweight rigging slot and technical galleries running the full depth of the stage at various levels above. With its modern sound, lighting and rigging equipment, the Perelman Theater can properly host any multi-media event or performance.
Acoustics Design Elements: The primary machinery to provide flexibility of the acoustics environment is the turntable that occupies most of the floor area of the stagehouse. Mounted on half of this turntable is a concert shell, to be used for recitals, choral concerts and performances by small chamber orchestras.
Design Team
Rafael Viñoly, Lead Designer
Rafael Viñoly Architects
Jay Bargmann, Project Director
Sandy McKee, Project Manager
Design Team: Charles Blomberg, Harry Bolick, Adam Felchner, Yumi Fujikawa, Larry Jones, John
Kinnaird, Shigeru Kotoda, Yoshinori Nito, Harold Park, Caleb Peterson, Stephen
Sedalis, Crystal Son, Chris Stone, Hiroki Wakimura, Ivan Zidarov
Acoustics Design Team
Russell Johnson, Room Acoustics
Artec Consultants Inc
Robert Wolff, Room Acoustics
Allan Teplitzky, Noise and Vibration Control
Christopher A. Storch, Coordinator
Theater Design Team
Richard Pilbrow, David I. Taylor, Benton Dellinger,
Theatre Projects Consultants
Michael Nischball
Structural Engineers
Dewhurst Macfarlane and Partners, in association with Goldreich Engineering, PC
M/E/P Consultants
Ove Arup and Partners
Fire Safety Engineers
Hughes Associates, Inc.
Lighting Design
Claude R. Engle Lighting Consultant
Food Service Equipment Consultants
Cini-Little International, Inc.
Graphic Design
Wojciechowski Design
Specifications
Robert Schwartz and Associates
Vertical Transportation
Consultants
Van Duesen & Associates
Security Consultant
Aggleton & Associates
Organ Design
Dobson Pipe Organ Builders
Civil Engineers
Ang Associates
Geotechnical Engineer
McClymont & Rak
Construction Manager
LF Driscoll/ Artis T Ore Joint Venture
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